Biology — Quiz

A alcohol B salbutamol C insulinoma D salicylates

A infection B missed doses of insulin C AMI D Pancreatitis

A seen type 1 diabetics mainly B serum osmalality 275-295mmol/l C fluid deficit usually less than that in HHNS D glucose usually lower than that in HHNS

A the administration of IV fluid immediately on arrival is the life saving event B fluid replacement should be 3-4 litres over the first four hours in a pt who is not shocked C even if the K+ is >5.5 poatssium replacemnt should be commenced D the insulin bolus should be about 0.1 units/kg, with subsequent infusion at 0.1units/kg/hr

A very high glucose, often greater than 40 mmol/l B ph>7.3 C serum osmalality often greater than 350 mmol/L D low bicarbonate

A it is usually 5L B if not shocked then 0.45% saline should be given C fluid replacement should always precede insulin therapy in the non shocked pt D fluid replacement should be done over a longer period of time than in DKA

A the use of simvistatin in pts with CHD significantly reduces the risk of future CHD B sulphonylureas stimulate the pancreatic secretion of insulin C Acorbase(Glucobay) interferes with GIT absorption of carbohydrate D Metformin is an oral insulin analogue

A acetoacetate B beta hydroxybuterate C acetone D A and C

A Dehydration B Positive dipstick for ketones C Increased anion gap, regardless of pH D hyperglycemia

A it is usually seen in chronic alcoholics B usually there has been a recent cessation in drinking with several days of vomiting and poor oral intake C Mainstay of treatment is IV fluids, including dextrose D Low dose insulin given judiciously hastens recovery

A pancreatitis B GI bleed C Alcohol withdrawl without precipitating illness D Infection

A Waterhouse Freidrichson syndrome B Sheehans syndrome C Acute discontinuation of steroids therapy D Anticoagulant use

A hyponatremia B hypokalemia C normokalemia and normonatremia D All of the above

A i.v. normal saline should be given to treat shock B i.v.dextrose will also be required C i.v. fludrocortisone is required D i.v. dexamethase or hydrocortisone should be given

A no suppression of the pituatry-adrenal axis occurs if the dose is <10mg regardless of the duration of administration B no suppression of the axis occurs regardless of the dose as long axis is taken for less than 3 weeks C in a time of physical stress the glucocorticoid dose should be increased 2-3 times for a few days D in a time of physical stress the mineralocorticoid dose should be increased 2-3 times for a few days

A clinically they may present with attacks of pallor, palpitations, sweating, headache and anxiety B clinicaaly they present with hypertension alone, or sometime abdominal pain and vomiting C investigations include urinary VMA and catecholamines D beta blockade is the temporary treatment of choice and possibly long term

A Graves disease B Toxic multinodular goiter C Toxic adenoma D Pituatry aetiology

A lid lag B lid retraction C amenorrhea D peripheral neuropathy

A propranolol B propylthiouracil C steroids D salicylates

A thyroxine should be given i.v. initially B thyroxine should be given in full dosage prior to blood results C steroids should be given D hyponatremia should be treated with fluid restriction

A loss of outer third of the eyebrow B bradycardia C opthalmopathy D weight gain

A lithium B benzodiazepines C phenytoin D ranitidine